vs-code-dotnet-solution-launcher/src/hotreload/processes.ts

import { spawn } from 'child_process';

/** A process, as far as attaching needs it. */
export interface ProcessInfo {
    pid: number;
    parentPid: number;
    name: string;
}

/**
 * Every process on the machine, or an empty list if none of the tools work.
 *
 * `wmic` is fast and present on Windows 10, but removed from recent Windows 11 builds,
 * so PowerShell's CIM query is the fallback there.
 */
export async function listProcesses(): Promise<ProcessInfo[]> {
    if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
        try {
            return parsePs(await capture('ps', ['-eo', 'pid=,ppid=,comm=']));
        } catch {
            return [];
        }
    }
    try {
        const out = await capture('wmic', ['process', 'get', 'ProcessId,ParentProcessId,Name', '/format:csv']);
        const parsed = parseWmicCsv(out);
        if (parsed.length > 0) {
            return parsed;
        }
    } catch {
        // fall through
    }
    try {
        const out = await capture('powershell', [
            '-NoProfile', '-NonInteractive', '-Command',
            'Get-CimInstance Win32_Process | Select-Object ProcessId,ParentProcessId,Name | ConvertTo-Csv -NoTypeInformation',
        ]);
        return parseWmicCsv(out.replace(/"/g, ''));
    } catch {
        return [];
    }
}

export function parseWmicCsv(text: string): ProcessInfo[] {
    const lines = text.split(/\r?\n/).map(line => line.trim()).filter(Boolean);
    const header = lines.findIndex(line => /(^|,)Name(,|$)/i.test(line));
    if (header < 0) {
        return [];
    }
    const columns = lines[header].split(',').map(column => column.trim().toLowerCase());
    const nameAt = columns.indexOf('name');
    const parentAt = columns.indexOf('parentprocessid');
    const pidAt = columns.indexOf('processid');
    if (nameAt < 0 || parentAt < 0 || pidAt < 0) {
        return [];
    }

    const processes: ProcessInfo[] = [];
    for (const line of lines.slice(header + 1)) {
        const cells = line.split(',');
        const pid = Number(cells[pidAt]);
        const parentPid = Number(cells[parentAt]);
        if (Number.isFinite(pid) && Number.isFinite(parentPid)) {
            processes.push({ pid, parentPid, name: (cells[nameAt] ?? '').trim() });
        }
    }
    return processes;
}

export function parsePs(text: string): ProcessInfo[] {
    const processes: ProcessInfo[] = [];
    for (const line of text.split(/\r?\n/)) {
        const match = /^\s*(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(.*\S)\s*$/.exec(line);
        if (match) {
            processes.push({ pid: Number(match[1]), parentPid: Number(match[2]), name: match[3] });
        }
    }
    return processes;
}

/**
 * The application process below `rootPid`, identified by assembly name.
 *
 * `dotnet watch` sits in the middle: it spawns a build and then the application, so the
 * target is a descendant rather than a direct child. Matching on the assembly name keeps
 * us from attaching to MSBuild. The most recently listed match is the newest one, which
 * matters right after a restart when the old process is still shutting down.
 */
export function findAppProcess(
    processes: readonly ProcessInfo[], rootPid: number, assembly: string, avoidPid?: number,
): ProcessInfo | undefined {
    const byParent = new Map<number, ProcessInfo[]>();
    for (const info of processes) {
        const siblings = byParent.get(info.parentPid) ?? [];
        siblings.push(info);
        byParent.set(info.parentPid, siblings);
    }

    const wanted = assembly.toLowerCase();
    const candidates: ProcessInfo[] = [];
    const queue = [rootPid];
    const seen = new Set<number>([rootPid]);

    while (queue.length > 0) {
        const pid = queue.shift()!;
        for (const child of byParent.get(pid) ?? []) {
            if (seen.has(child.pid)) {
                continue;
            }
            seen.add(child.pid);
            queue.push(child.pid);

            const name = child.name.toLowerCase().replace(/\.exe$/, '');
            if (name === wanted && child.pid !== avoidPid) {
                candidates.push(child);
            }
        }
    }
    return candidates[candidates.length - 1];
}

/** Whether a pid is still running. EPERM means it exists but is not ours, which counts. */
export function isAlive(pid: number | undefined): boolean {
    if (pid === undefined) {
        return false;
    }
    try {
        process.kill(pid, 0);
        return true;
    } catch (error) {
        return (error as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === 'EPERM';
    }
}

/** Polls for the application process below the watcher; the build has to finish first. */
export async function waitForApp(
    rootPid: number, assembly: string,
    options: { timeoutMs?: number; intervalMs?: number; avoidPid?: number; cancelled?: () => boolean } = {},
): Promise<ProcessInfo | undefined> {
    const deadline = Date.now() + (options.timeoutMs ?? 90_000);
    while (Date.now() < deadline && !options.cancelled?.()) {
        const found = findAppProcess(await listProcesses(), rootPid, assembly, options.avoidPid);
        if (found) {
            return found;
        }
        await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, options.intervalMs ?? 500));
    }
    return undefined;
}

/**
 * Kills the watcher and the application it launched.
 *
 * `child.kill()` only signals `dotnet watch` itself, leaving the application running and
 * holding its output files — so the whole tree has to go.
 */
export async function killTree(pid: number): Promise<void> {
    try {
        if (process.platform === 'win32') {
            await capture('taskkill', ['/PID', String(pid), '/T', '/F']);
        } else {
            process.kill(-pid, 'SIGTERM');
        }
    } catch {
        try {
            process.kill(pid, 'SIGKILL');
        } catch {
            // already gone
        }
    }
}

function capture(command: string, args: string[]): Promise<string> {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        const child = spawn(command, args, { windowsHide: true });
        let out = '';
        child.stdout?.on('data', chunk => (out += String(chunk)));
        child.on('error', reject);
        child.on('exit', () => resolve(out));
    });
}